Lesson 2.1: Abbreviations
Symbols
degree or hollow dot
⠘⠨⠡
Explanation
A combination or group of letters that represent larger words are known as abbreviations. Abbreviations are sometimes used to represent units of measurement. Abbreviations may or may not be followed by a period. When abbreviations contain capital letters, the literary rules for capitalization should be followed. Remember that the effect of the double capitalization indicator ends when a space or non-letter occurs.
A space should be left before and after an abbreviation and a numeral or letter, a sign of operation, a sign of comparison, a monetary sign, a percent sign, a sign of omission, or any other mathematical symbol.
If an abbreviation is only a single letter or would be misread as a short-form word, an English letter indicator must be used before the abbreviation unless the abbreviation is followed by a period.
Contractions for the words to, into, and by should not be used before an abbreviation.
Some common abbreviations for measurement of time, temperature, length, and weight are as follows:
inches: in
⠊⠝
feet: ft
⠋⠞
yard: yd
⠽⠙
miles: mi
⠍⠊
cups: c
⠰⠉
pints: pt
⠏⠞
quarts: qt
⠟⠞
gallons: gal
⠛⠁⠇
ounces: oz
⠕⠵
pounds: lbs
⠇⠃⠎
tons: T
⠰⠠⠞
millimeters: mm
⠍⠍
centimeters: cm
⠉⠍
decimeters: dm
⠙⠍
meters: m
⠰⠍
kilometers: km
⠅⠍
milliliters: mL
⠍⠠⠇
liters: L
⠰⠠⠇
grams: g
⠰⠛
kilograms: kg
⠅⠛
degrees Ferenheit: ℉
⠘⠨⠡⠀⠰⠠⠋
degrees Celcius: ℃
⠘⠨⠡⠀⠰⠠⠉
Example 1
one foot equals twelve inches
⠼⠂⠀⠋⠕⠕⠞⠀⠨⠅⠀⠼⠂⠆⠀⠊⠝⠲
Example 2
five meters
⠼⠢⠀⠰⠍
Example 3
twenty ounces
⠼⠆⠴⠀⠕⠵⠲
Example 4
one yard is greater than one foot
⠼⠂⠀⠽⠙⠀⠨⠂⠀⠼⠂⠀⠋⠞
Example 5
seventy five degrees Fahrenheit
⠼⠶⠢⠘⠨⠡⠀⠰⠠⠋
Example 6
forty three degrees Celcius
⠼⠲⠒⠘⠨⠡⠀⠰⠠⠉